The Environmental Aspect of Pocahontas Essay Example for Free

The Environmental Aspect of Pocahontas Essay â€Å" Humankind has not woven the web of life. We are but one thread within it. Whatever we do to the web, we do to ourselves. All things are bound together. All things connect. † This is a quote said by a Native American chief, shows the attitudes of the Native American people as a whole and Pocahontas’ Mattaponi tribe. Disney’s highly acclaimed movie, Pocahontas, is about a female Indians battle to be with an Englishman named John Smith; even against her tribes culture and traditions. Throughout this story, we find that there are huge gaps in the way that the Englishmen and the Native Americans treat and view nature; through their culture and religion, the ways they acted towards earth, and the songs that they sang in the movie. One can tell a lot about a person or people by the culture they come from, ranging from: the way they dress, the way they talk etc. In Pocahontas, that could not be truer; we first have the Native Americans. Their culture was solely based on nature and nature alone. They believe they are one with the earth, that earth is their mother; everyone should respect it because we do not own it, but rather that we are borrowing it. Native Americans look to the spirits and the forces of Nature to guide them through life and help make important decisions and sort out dilemmas they will encounter in life. For example, Grandmother Willow, who in fact is not really a human but an actual willow tree who has the face and wisdom that one would find in their grandmother; as she also is Pocahontas’ guiding force and wisdom provider. Now on the other hand we have the Englishmen’s culture: their culture was very self-centered based due to their religion of Catholicism/Christianity; which to them are human-centered religions. Basically saying that their world view of their religion makes them think that everything in this world was created for them and that they can do what ever they choose to do with it, regardless of how it is come about acquiring what they want. Another difference between the two groups is their distinguished appearance. The Englishmen for example are pompous and actually very fat, showing how they gorge themselves into the luxuries of food and self-centered living. As for the Native Americans, only take what they need and no more, as they look healthy and strong. These examples give a glimpse of their true attitudes towards the earth, and Mother Nature. The attitudes of both the Englishman and the Native Americans towards Mother Earth are very obvious and different in this film as from their culture. â€Å"The gold of Cortez, the jewels of Pizarro / Will seem like mere trinkets by this time tomorrow. The gold we find here will dwarf them by far. / Oh, with all you got in ya, boys / Dig up Virginia, boys. † This quote was said by Governor Ratcliffe, the leader of the Englishmen, showing the English’s self-centered, egotistical way of thinking when it comes to the earth. They do not care for nature or the creatures, even the other people of the world; the world and everything in it, is solely theirs for the taking and no one person, people or thing can stop them. However, the Native Americans attitude towards the earth and in general is more humble and nurturing. Since their belief system is that they are one with the earth; in order to take care of ones self they must take of the earth. So this caring way of living in turn makes them a humble people. One can also tell how the attitudes of the two groups through the songs that they sing throughout the movie. â€Å"And dig, boys, dig ‘til ya drop. Grab a pick, boys. Quick, boys, shove in a shovel†¦It’s gold and it’s mine, mine, mine†¦Make this land, My Land,† this is one of the lyrics sang by Governor Ratcliffe in the song called, â€Å"Mine, Mine, Mine. The name of the song in itself shows the Englishmen’s view of earth, which is very greedy and narcissistic of him and his men. Another quote from the song showing this selfish way of thinking was at the end of the song where all the Englishmen sing in unison, â€Å"This land and what’s in it is Mine! † They only view the land as theirs and not the Native Americans even though the Native Americans were the native people! On top of that they refer to the Native Americans as savages, â€Å"What can you expect, from filthy little heathens? Their whole disgusting race is like a curse. Their skin’s a hellish red. They’re only good when dead. They’re vermin, as I said. And worse, they’re Savages! Savages! † Even though this one lyric does not have to do with nature directly they are disrespecting the people of mother nature completely, degrading not only their land with their actions, but the people of the land with their words and hatred. â€Å"Drive them from our shore. They’re not like you and me. Which means they must be evil. † The Englishmen in this song show the lust of power to kill anyone and anything who isn’t ike them only to get gold and riches. Now on the other hand, the songs that Pocahontas sings are not so harsh and self indulged. â€Å"You think you own whatever land you land on. The Earth is just a dead thing you can claim. But I know every rock and tree and creature; has a life, has a spirit, has a name,† she sings to John Smith explaining, that the earth is more than just something to dig up and take from. The Earth and everything in it, like her and Smith, have the same qualities that the humans do. She also sings in that song , â€Å"Come run the hidden pine trails of the forest. Come taste the sun sweet berries of the earth. Come roll in all the riches all around you. And for once, never wonder what they’re worth,† she tells Smith to bask in the earth and all its resources without thinking about how much money or the worth it could be sold at. Also another aspect of that lyric is when she says riches, she is not referring to money but rather the richness of beauty and quality the Earth gives us. Another song that reflects the Native American culture to nature is, Just Around the River Bend. † This is a song where Pocahontas compares life to the river and asks the Spirits a question regarding whether she should marry Kocoum or not. â€Å"Should I choose the smoothest course, steady as the beating drum? Should I marry Kocoum? Is all my dreaming at an end? Or do you still wait for me, Dream Giver; Just around the River Bend? † Pocahontas does not know whether she should take the path chosen for her or to continue on the path of her free spirit. She asks the Dream Giver is she should the safe path and do as her customs say or is the Spirit waiting for her just around the river bend. These are just a few examples of the many through the music in this movie. One can now see how both the Englishmen and Native Americans way of thinking environmentally are polar opposites. Through their culture, attitudes, actions and musical numbers, we view the sanctity of Mother Earth to both the groups. But this movie did show that the humbler the attitude towards the earth did in fact become the victors in the situation.

Pakistan Case Study Research Paper Essay Example for Free

Pakistan Case Study Research Paper Essay The subordination of women is a prevalent issue in many middle-eastern cultures today. The absence of women in the labor force, community and decision making positions in these middle eastern societies is a detrimental drag on their economic and environmental welfare. Longstanding beliefs and traditions in the muslim culture are geared toward oppression of women and minimal civil rights. Such traditions have held these countries back from keeping up with progressive countries around the globe. Saima Muhammad, a young woman featured in Half the Sky lives in the outskirts of Lahore, Pakistan, a country which epitomizes this previously mentioned gender disparity. Gender disparity was a formidable obstacle for Saima in her goal to pay off her husband’s three thousand dollar debt. When Saima would simply take the public bus to a local marketplace in order to sell goods for her family, she was scorned by her neighbors as a loose woman. Loose women contradicted these middle-eastern values, also making life much harder for them. Saima’s house was falling apart to the point where she was forced to send her daughter to her aunt’s house just for safety. Amidst these changes, Saima was constantly beaten by her husband out of pure frustration. Following the birth of Saima’s second girl, Saima’s mother-in-law suggested her husband find somebody else to marry because she wasn’t going to have a boy. These are just a few examples of the environment that Pakistani women, or women in the muslim culture are forced to live in. Widespread poverty in Pakistan was a driving factor in Saima’s financial inability to maintain her house. Such a debt left by her husband was more of a hardship in these impoverished countries than anywhere else. This is because the means of acquiring goods to start a business are scarce due to minimal economic activity. This economic activity being primarily dominated by men is also considerably unfavorable to women, this is to be examined later on. One obvious result of widespread poverty is a drought of capital. Lack of capital was one of the most detrimental characteristics of her impoverished country. With entrepreneurial spirits, Saima needed financing if she was going to support her family. the Kashf foundation made this possible by lending Saima small amounts of money at a time. Demand for saima’s bracelets were exceeding supply. Following her entrepreneurial successes, she was met with respect from friends and family. Saima’s story is unfortunately a rare one. With gender disparity existing in a structural and foundational form, most women of Pakistan and other middle-eastern countries don’t get the opportunity to work outside of their house. Exploitation of women in Pakistan often occurs in many different forms through human rights, education, labor and many other life necessities. Due to longstanding beliefs in this culture, women are responsible for strictly household maintenance. When women are working actual jobs within agriculture or other fields, they are often exploited. Female has always been accompanying male participation within the rural agriculture sector, strictly short-term work available at the time of implant and yield of crops. In Pakistan’s case, women in rural areas are primarily unpaid workers. Women now participate in the political sector but are restricted from any high authority positions in politics due to their low literacy rate which is a result of their subordination. (ESWP) The exploitation of women for free labor, in addition to the restriction of any access to high positions or the decision-making positions is an example of gender disparity in the labor force. The dominance of men in all decision-making positions includes the allocation of natural resources. Women have shown through their agricultural work that they are capable of caring for crops and the environment in a sustainable fashion but they aren’t given the opportunity. The methods of which the men of pakistan have decided are appropriate for their country include overgrazing. With a cow population that is higher than that of its people, resources are diminished through this exploitation. When there is drought along with over-exploitation, it results in poverty. Poverty in turn leads to overexploitation which worsens the problem of desertification, It is a vicious cycle. (Voice of America News) This environmental exploitation is arguably a result of the dominance of men throughout decision-making positions, and the lack of interactive opportunities given to women. Women’s roles in the awareness and education of environmental dangers throughout Pakistan are rare. This is partially a result of an enormous lack of women’s education investments. Increasing women in the workforce is a challenge as well as an opportunity for Pakistan to develop as a country. Clearly Pakistan’s low rate of female literacy is an obstacle to increasing female workforce participation. As education levels rise, labor force participation must also rise for Pakistan to capture fully its return on investment in girls education. (Coleman Pg.1) How can a Pakistani Woman teach her country about their environment, when their country doesn’t teach them how to read? Lack of women’s education throughout these cultures is detrimental to the future of their own economy and environment. With limited opportunities for women, it becomes difficult to enlighten your community about the environment when they won’t listen to you. Opportunities have recently arisen for women in Pakistan in terms of work. These opportunities are aimed to give women in Pakistan a voice, literally. The report is aimed at creating awareness among media managers and working journalists about the importance of women’s role in the media and radio stations in Pakistan essentially giving women a voice which could be seen as a big step for their country.(BBC) This recent opportunity for women could be the next step towards voicing their opinion about environmental matters and having a role in the decisions of society. The environmental health of Pakistan is among the worst in the entire world as a result of ignorant methods of waste disposal and poor allocation of resources. The exploitation of resources has led to deforestation, desertification, and drought. The careless disposal of waste resulted in air pollution, gas emissions, toxic fertilizers, and borderline poisonous water. Pakistans environment is in ruins. The mayor of Karachi, Pakistans largest city, recently announced the citys water and sewer system on the brink of collapse. Air pollution here as well as in other Pakistani cities is estimated to be 20 times higher than World Health Organization standards consider to be average. The countrys percentage of forested land is among the lowest in the world, and the rate at which it is disappearing among the highest. (Kambler Pg.1) The men in control of environmental operations, operate quite unfavorably towards women. The health of women and children are neglected in most development programs involving the widespread distribution of pesticides or fertilizers. Users are not alerted about the mandatory safety precautions, there is now enough evidence to show that peasant and other poor women share the experience of living in an ever degrading environment. (RCOWE) women naturally possess a more caring and conservative nature of work and it’s shown through their duty in agriculture. The Sindh Rural Women’s Uplift Group helped Pakistani women by allowing ten to fifteen on the farm at a time, under the guidance of female farm supervisors. Paying them the same wages as men and giving them the same responsibilities as men, there was an opportunity for comparison. The women’s agricultural output was greater than that of men’s, women also had an advantage in Mowing, Grasses for mulch, collecting farm leaves etc. Essentially, the policy instrument of which is being implemented in this situation can be seen as charity or gender equality. Charity is what the Sindh Rural Women’s Uplift Group is doing by giving these women an opportunity to be involved . Gender Equality is shown in the allocation of resources towards women for once instead of being put under the control of Pakistani men. The policy instrument of gender equality could be implemented towards economic development whether they sound related or not. In pakistan’s case, gender equality would result in an efficient allocation of resources through the implementation of females in authoritative environmental positions. The allocation of resources is better left in the hands of women for the good of the economy. Gender equity can be a determinant of just distribution of resources and income by allowing the female population of pakistan to rise to autonomy level, for once in history evenly distributing resources and income among women and men. An ecologically sustainable scale of the economy would come in time with the progression of women’s authoritative roles in not only agricultural or environmentally based occupancies, but half of Pakistan’s economy. Works Cited Council on Foreign Relations. (n.d.). Council on Foreign Relations. Retrieved from http://www.cfr.org/asia/gender-disparities-economic-growth-islamization-pakistan/p7217 Full Text Electronic Journal List. (2012, November 11). Full Text Electronic Journal List. Retrieved from http://db6fj4sr6x.search.serialssolutions.com/?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004 Kambler, M. (2001, November 27). Pakistans Environmental Nightmare. Page 1. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.villagevoice.com/2001-11-27/news/pakistan-s-environmental-nightmare/ M. (2012). Employment situation of women in Pakistan. ProQuest. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://search.proquest.com/docview/821115923 anhwar, F. (1998, June 15). WOMEN AND ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN. World Conference on Horticultural Research. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.agrsci.unibo.it/wchr/wc5/panhwar.html 2 The regional conference on women and environment. (n.d.). Embracing the Earth. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://www.fao.org/docrep/X0173E/x0173e03.htm V. (2006, July 31). Pakistan Combats Growing Environmental Menace. ProQuest. Retrieved November 11, 2012, from http://search.proquest.com/docview/190519623

Big Cities Vs Small Towns Cultural Studies Essay

Big Cities Vs Small Towns Cultural Studies Essay When speaking to an individual of experience, possibly an explorer or an elder, someone may be informed about the way people from particular towns behave. Such as, people from big cities are always in rush or citizens from smaller towns are friendlier. As John Jake states, The big city and small town have been stereotyped in the American experience as being at opposite ends of an imagined social gradientthe former more a place of cold impersonality in social relations and the latter more a place of warm personalized community. Assumptions about urban-based mass society largely blinded Americans through the twentieth century to the existence of, and importance of, locality-based community in big cities. Early in the century, most urban Americans emigrated from rural and small town circumstances, bringing to the nations cities strong rural and small town proclivities at neighboring. Both central city working-class neighborhoods and affluent suburbs mirrored the small town.(Jakle,1) But , for someone born, raised and living in that small town, these differences may seem clearly an opinion, and perhaps some distinctions are. So why, then do so many people prefer one type of life style over the other? Specific characteristics such as economics, population, crime rate, traffic, city planning and also architecture, differentiate one region from the next. In order to form an opinion, one must analyze two towns on opposing ends of the spectrum. By comparing two towns: a small town, and also a busy suburb, the differences in the characteristics of citizens, the city, and their daily life, make it seem as though small towns and big cities are practically from different countries. As John Jake confirms, Americas small towns and big cities occupy opposite ends of an urban spectrum. Early in the twentieth century, commentators on American life clearly differentiated towns and cities as socially differentthe two kinds of place sustaining very different ways of life.(Jakle,1) In a small town, at first one might notice the appearance. It is not generally uncommon to see an assorted crew of soiled young children come running into the neighborhood supermarket without shirts or shoes and buy candy. The cashier, rather than ushering the inadequately clothed children out the door, asks them how their parents have been, they just so happen to live next door. This sort of incident would not go over so well in a big city. The same young children would have been asked to leave and later admonished by their parents for going out in public looking so disarrayed. For example, in a Clockwork Orange a young fifteen-year-old boy known only by the name of Alex is the antihero. Alex and his three droogs are a gang of youngsters who goes around in the dangerous streets of London, fighting, raping, pillaging, and all the basic doings generally associated with anarchy. In a small town, this would be less likely to happen. Overalls, dirty jeans and hats are not uncommon appare l for citizens out running errands and are almost a necessity for the distinguished elderly man. Aside from the readily differences, citizens of small towns seem to have contrasting personality traits as well. Take the scene of a crowded store during the holidays, for instance. In a busy, crowded big city, a shopper with a cart overflowing with items in the checkout lane would simply be focused on checking out and planning on where they need to go next. However in a small sleepy town, that same shopper may check to see if the person just behind them, with only a couple of items, might want to go ahead. Then, possibly even strike up a conversation with a total stranger. As John Jake explains, To Simmel, large cities overloaded residents with social stimuli, producing in people defensive behaviors both patterned and regularized. The urban personality was reserved and detached. Contact person-to-person in the city might be face-to-face, but even those encounters tended to the imperson al, the superficial, and the transitory (Wirth 1938). The metropolis was seen as a mass of separate individuals variously practicing social avoidance, especially in public spaces. City streets were seen as cold and unfriendly (Gross 1965). Small towns, on the other hand, with limited populations interacting in limited geographical areas, tended not to produce social overload. There, people could personalize relationships, even the cursory spontaneities of chance encounter in public space. Small town streets were warm and friendly. The idealized small town was likened to a nurturing extended family, whereas the city was made out to be a place of alienated individuals (Smith 1966).(Jakle,1) Another strange exception happens to be a relative disregard for locking the doors at night or even at all. This such behavior is unheard of in the big cities of larger towns. In small towns neighbors have a tendency to look out for the good of the neighborhood, and are always cautious, but with su ch low crime occurrences, such preventative measures as door-locking are not required. The appearance of a small town is also entirely different when contrasted against a larger city. As John Jackle mentions, This study argues that towns and cities shared much in common, the result of one important fact. Most big city residents in Americas early twentieth century cities came from small town or rural backgrounds. They brought small town ways to big city life.(Jackle,1) Some small towns themselves, nowadays seem like massive tangled knot of parking lots, avenues, service roads, and highways exactly like in big cities. Expanding businesses and developing neighborhoods all connect and intersperse within the maze of asphalt, making it very problematic for an unfamiliar traveler to get from one destination to the next without help. Small, box-like buildings snap together like tinker toys to house businesses for a year or so and then are left empty, only to be replenished by another business soon thereafter. Massive, lighted signs tower over buildings, coupled with billboards outlining the busiest roadways all advertising to the highest bidder. While tiny, insignificant trees limp around consistent, lifeless houses in an attempt to re-beautify a deforested city. A small town, in contrast, is a large grid work, nearly the whole town divided into two blocks with only a few outer roads and two highways entering and existing the city limits. As Bethany Warner explains, Living in close proximity, such as in a small town or distinct city enclave, creates community bonds because people see each other continuously. European cities are structured around this idea, having central squares and preserved green spaces. (Warner,28) In Lars and the real girl, Lars arrives at work and The receptionist greets him and encourages him to talk to the new girl and get a date. He politely ignores her and disappears behind the double doors. This is where all of the cubicles are. He walks to his desk and passes by the new girl. At this point you finally understand he lives in a pretty small town. Each of said city blocks is cut down the middle by at least one alleyway, possibly two. These alleyways serve such intention as garbage pickup and parking for residences, garage access, and the most notable job of all, a playground for the neighborhood children. Most of small towns is housing. Each house is unique, some ranging from a few years old to hundreds of years old, family built to Victorian- style mansions. In the housing district, trees tower over all, stretching ancient branches across the street to form an arboreal canopy across brick and asphalt streets alike. Small family owned businesses and restaurants all share the same space and are built into old houses. The only busy roadway is a section of highway that comes directly through town, there is where residents will find fast food chains, department stores, hardware stores, all sharing the small parking lot and signs. A typical day in a small town is very much at ease, especially when compared to wh irlwind of city life. the opening scene summarily characterizes Blue Velvet in theme and plot. Following the lush, fifties-style opening credits, the screen shows a blue sky, flowers, the local firefighters riding through town waving, and Jeffreys father watering the lawn, all in brilliant, almost surreal color. Then the scene, which might have come from a generation earlier, is interrupted by a massive stroke that drops Mr. Beaumont to his back. The camera pans deeply into the well groomed lawn and uncovers combating insects. Likewise, the camera plunges unflinchingly into the unseen, discomforting side of Lumbertown. In the small town, since most of the businesses are in same proximity, morning and noon rush are not that intimidating, unlike complicated games of bumper cars that is rush hour in the big city. After work, most families go and spend time together, perhaps going to the movies or dinner. Most children come home and run about the neighborhood until dark, without fear of a run-in with a car. During the weekend, it is not uncommon to see many families or even groups of neighbors barbecuing in the back yard and drinking alcohol in plain sight. Some may have a bonfire, though such fires a technically illegal, local law enforcement rarely, if ever, interferes unless it gets out of control. One of the most popular activitys among citizens is to spend a day at one of the parks around towns. As John Jackle states, If the small town was seen to excite tight bonds of social security, then the city did not. If the city represented the cold realization of a new mass society, the small town did not. Stereotypic thinking has always been (and always will be) influential in how Americans not only conceptualize, but configure the nations built environments.(Jackle,1) For some individuals, the stress and speed of big city life is a trip to insanity. Others cannot stand the slow, inactivity of a small town. à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ãƒâ€¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"To each, his ownà ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬Ã‚  it is said, and such statement applies well to the choice between living large and living modestly. Small towns sadly may be a increasingly dying species at the current rate of human expansion. As Paul Kantor remarks, Small-town America is easily overlooked. The spreading of suburbia has usually enveloped (or paved over) little towns located near the rim of metropolitan areas. Interstate highways typically by-pass them. Similarly, the attention of academic urban specialists is more likely to be directed to big cities, not small-towns, in order to understand the dynamics of urban change(Kantor,415) Perhaps someday, cities will all merge together and memories of simple, small rural areas will fade. But for now, it is nice to sit back and notice the sometimes staggering conflicting difference between the two life styles.

Inherit The Wind Essay -- essays research papers

Matthew Harrison Brady, of Inherit the Wind by: Jerome Lawrence and Robert E. Lee, never fooled anyone. He may have seemed strong in the beginning but he no substance under the shell. Such a false front can be compared to water behind an earthen dam. It may hold some water for a time but once the water finds a weak point, the whole structure comes crashing down along with the fury of all the water behind it. Within brady, the water represents the gooey inner core of his personality. Once he loses his composure in front of his once adoring audience the entire fluid of his persona comes crashing out. The only strength of Matthew Harrison Brady is his power in deliveringh his ideas. As in the earthen dam example, the townspeople represent the city protected from the water by the dam. Once the dam breaks, all the townspeople below get wet and are shaken to their foundations. Matthew Harrison Brady, without a doubt, deserves no sympathy. One example of Brady’s overly self-confidence would be "No†¦I believe we should welcome Henry Drummond." (P g. 25). Ha! What a shock he is in for. His own "high and mighty" thinking is going to lead to his downfall. Even Brady is taken a tad aback by the news that Drummond will be joining the trial "Brady: (pale) Drummond?" (Pg. 25) While he basks in his loving audience of townspeople, he will yet be pulled down from his high throne to be questioned and scorned. While the town feels much stri...

Aristotles Poetics: Complexity and Pleasure in Tragedy Essay -- Arist

Aristotle's Poetics: Complexity and Pleasure in Tragedy Aristotle 384-322 BC First, the instinct of imitation is implanted in man from childhood, one difference between him and other animals being that he is the most imitative of living creatures, and through imitation learns his earliest lessons; and no less universal is the pleasure felt in things imitated. We have evidence of this in the facts of experience. Objects which in themselves we view with pain, we delight to contemplate when reproduced with minute fidelity Poetics Chapter 1V In his Poetics [1] Aristotle classifies plot into two types: simple [haplos], and complex [peplegmenos]. The simple plot is defined as a unified construct of necessary and probable actions accompanied by a change of fortune. The complex plot, says Aristotle, is accompanied by two other features, namely; peripeteia or reversal, and anagnorisis, or recognition. It is this which Aristotle feels is the best kind of tragic plot, in that it provides the best possibility of delivering tragic pleasure. Before we look at the distinctive features of the complex plot, it would perhaps be instructive to examine those features which it shares with the simple plot. The unity of structure recommended by Aristotle includes the tripartite division of the plot into the beginning, the middle and the end, as well as the unities of time and action. He stresses unified action, where all action in the plot carries a definite link to other actions, and subsequent actions are the necessary and probable outcomes of the former. Necessary and probable are terms which recur throughout the Poetics. They stand for the universality of poetry in that they point to how or what actions should logically be in a gi... ...ost imitative of living creatures, and through imitation learns his earliest lessons; and no less universal is the pleasure felt in things imitated. We have evidence of this in the facts of experience. Objects which in themselves we view with pain, we delight to contemplate when reproduced with minute fidelity: such as the forms of the most ignoble animals and of dead bodies. The cause of this again is, that to learn gives the liveliest pleasure, not only to philosophers but to men in general; whose capacity, however, of learning is more limited. Thus the reason why men enjoy seeing a likeness is, that in contemplating it they find themselves learning or inferring, and saying perhaps, 'Ah, that is he.' For if you happen not to have seen the original, the pleasure will be due not to the imitation as such, but to the execution, the coloring, or some such other cause.'

Watching A Disappearing Number in Theater Essay -- Simon McBurney

Choose one production that you have seen and which you particularly enjoyed and discuss the aspects which made it so successful. A Disappearing Number I went to see a Disappearing Number, in the Theater. The production was performed by Complicite and was directed by Simon McBurney. I really enjoyed this performance. I thought that the mixture of maths and romance as well as the structure of the performance by incorporating the past and the present together, was extremely successful. The most successful aspect of the performance for me were the scene changes. I found that the rotation of the blackboard, center stage, where the actors were able to stoop beneath it in order to enter and exit the stage, was an effective touch to this non naturalistic performance. When this was first used, at the end of the first scene, when the characters Ruth and Al left the stage, I thought it didn't quite fit as at the beginning the style was leaning towards realism. But as the play progressed and the acting style became more and more non naturalistic, and this rotation of the black board technique was used more frequently it fitted in really well and became really effective. Later on in the performance when Ramanujan and Hardy are introduced, again the scene changes were quick, swift and rapid. Screens were used to conceal the actors as they came on to the stage and then conceal the other actors as they left the stage. The two different scenes which the screens helped to alternate between were Ramanujan, a remarkable mathematician, living in one of the poorest areas of India and the prominent mathematician, G.H Hardy in Cambridge, two people who were in correspondence with each other. Since each of the scenes were short, the use of t... ...was taken away so suddenly. And pain, for moving on. When Al got to the river the projected image of water is repeated. This recurring image from when Ramanujan dies in the past is brought forward into the present storyline making the link between the past and present even stronger. Because this is a repeated image, the water becomes a metaphor for death, the death of Ramanujan and the death of Ruth and her baby. This scene is a peaceful scene even with this metaphor attached. The audience gets to empathise with Al as he lets go of the past and moves on. Imagery is key in this final scene. The sand that each of the characters pour out from various objects, Al pouring from the cremation box and Ramanujan pouring from his tablet, shows the passing of time. A final connection between the two parts to the performance, the past and the present, the key to the whole play.

Product Design

Executive summary Contents: 1. Introduction 2. 0Current design 2. 1Product Description 2. 2Applications 2. 3Value analysis 2. 4Product life cycle 2. 5Manufacturing method and materials 3. 1Re- Design 3. 2Value analysis 3. 3Design for manufacture 3. 4Design for assembly 3. 5Design for Dis-assembly 3. 6Design for sustainability 4. 1Conclusion References Appendix Executive Summary A blinder is a smooth maker which provides various services. It has different kind of functions and used in household and restaurant. The operation method is very simple. Input Ac current from a wall socket and ingredients needed to mix a desire finish goods as output. To develop or re-design a new product that will be appealing to the consumers. This is challenges for any kind of product. We analysed this product used various tools such as value analysis. From analysis this report explained there are little room to improvement for design, manufacture and assembly. The many component of the product made from plastic and which is cheap as produce with economic of scale and recycle these parts easy. This report will explain about sustainability and how EU control the waste by the implementing low. Introduction: The main objective of the blinder is to mix different ingredients to form of a new product, e. g. banana shake involved with mixing banana and milk. This is not always easy to bland because of different out put required different speeds to create a good mix. Because of that a blander will provide several speed settings. For smooth, well mixed products, it becomes necessary that a blinder will able to spin at a Varity of speed. The speed can be varying with the desirable output. The redesign of the product can be produce with economics of scale with maintain of environmental issue. Weihrich & Koontz (2005) explain that, create product ideas by examining consumers needs and screening the various alternatives, after the product is designed, prepare to lay out of the facilities to be used, plan the system of production, and schedule the various tasks that must be done. 2. 0 Current design: This type of blender can be made of glass, plastic, stainless steel or porcelain. Design is a problem solving activity (Lecture notes). Designer must be developing a product or service that meets a customer wants and needs through dissatisfaction. (Appendix 1). The demanded for the blinder is defined. The PDS shows that top of the container are a lid to prevent ingredients from escaping during operation. At the bottom is a blade assembly, sometimes removable for cleaning purposes. In cases where the blades are removable, the container should an o-ring between the body of the container and the base to seal the container and prevent the contents from leaking. The container rests upon a base that contains a motor for turning the blade assembly and has controls on its surface. Most current blenders offer a number of possible speeds. Low – powered blenders require some liquid to be added for the blender to operate correctly. High-powered blenders are capable of milling grains and crushing ice without such assistance. 2. 1 product description: Stand Blender XB9196G -5 Speeds with pulse -Capacity: 1. 5 L -Powerful 450 W motor -Stainless steel blade -Transplant glass Jug. -Voltage: 120V/230V -Wattage: 500/450 W 2. 2 Application: First, after remove the blender from the box and plug it in to a 120V wall socket. The consumer must then assemble it by placing the lid on the pitcher, the nozzle on the bottom, and attach the pitcher to the blade turner. Second, the pitcher can only fit in to the base one way because of the grooves and the markings. Third, the consumer would then fill the pitcher with whatever they would like to blend before adjusting the speed. There are three options: smooth, mix, and pulse. These basic descriptions for the speeds are clear and easy to understand. â€Å"Smooth† could be perceived as blending something thoroughly therefore it is the higher speed of the two locking buttons. Mix is slower and could be perceived as more stirring. Pulse can be used to intermittently blend the contents of the pitcher at a highest speed. Forth, trying to keep consumers hand on the top of the blender while pushing the buttons can lead to some difficulty. To pour, the consumer removes the top of the blender and grasps it by the handle or the grooves. To store the blender, unplug it and clean thoroughly. Fifth, to clean, the consumer takes apart the blender by removing the pitcher from the blade holder by twisting. This is usually kept tight so that liquid does not leak out the bottom therefore it is difficult to remove. Once the base is screwed off, the blades are easy to access. The nozzle must have water passed through to clean thoroughly but it is not intuitive how to screw the nozzle apart. 2. 3 Value analysis: (VA) Value is monetary terms of product and services relates with consumer desirability, worth and utility. ‘Value analysis is an organised programme to optimise the value of the product by eliminating unnecessary cost. (Lecture notes). The price for the final consumer can be reduced by the producing as bulk. The Fixed cost (FC) should set up as minimise level as possible and control on Variable cost (VC). When Marginal cost will be Zero, there will be possible to reduce the price than competitors. But the some of the specific components production cost is higher than other parts of the blender. The Pareto Principle (also known as the 80-20 rule) states that 80% of the effects come from 20% of the causes. 2. 4 Product life cycle: PLC goes through many phases, required skills, knowledge and many professional disciplines. As a product blander is a mature product as voice of the customer. But according to manufacturing it may not be mature product. Because of this product still required many components. There are four things to assert for PLC: 1. Product have a limited life. 2. Product sales pass through different stages and face different challenges. 3. Profits rise and fall in different stages. . Product required combination of marketing, finance, manufacturing, purchasing, RD, HR in each life cycle stages. A blinder is in a perfect competition market. So manufacturer need to combine different marketing and production mechanism with efficiently and effectively. So, Boone and kartz (1990) explain four stages through which a successful product passes: introduction, growth, matu rity, and decline. 2. 5 Manufacturing method and materials: The current product main four components: The motor, base, the pitcher and operational control. The pitcher made from glass. The component made from glass, plastic and stainless steel. 3. 0 Re-design: Redesign of the product transforms the quality better. So what is quality? Galloway ET (2000) explains that this represents the degree to which the design of the product or service meets the requirements of the market. Re-design of the blinder is not dramatic change. There are two major changes than previous model. The jar made by glass (previous) new model made from plastic. There are two main reasons, e. g. it is very cost effective as a material used and re-cycle is more environmental friendly. Another major change is touching Pad. There ware knob for the increase and decrease of the speed (old model). New model touch pad is implemented by numbers. Because of easy to operate in terms of level of speed required for specific output and usable friendly for all kind of consumer. (Appendix 2). This report will explain about different component of the blinder in re-assemble section. 3. 1 Value analysis: Value is interpreted in macro sense; it does not explain not only the cost of material but factor of other productions. The final product needs to face challenges of satisfactory. Does the product value with money? The utility of new jar can be appropriate with SMART analysis. Consumers can relay on this product as any condition of mixer. But glass jar is not friendly with hot condition of mixer. This product is Hazard Free to use, easy to maintenance and the life time depends on use. But it is completely disposal product. There is little sound pollution during operating time. 3. 2 Design for manufacturer: The current product is composed of 4 major components: the pitcher, motor, base, and operator control. The pitcher is made of plastic and is made by injection molding. The subparts of the pitcher are assembled with the use of fasteners. The parts of the pitcher are ease of assembly. There is a blade holder assembly at the base of the plastic pitcher. This piece is plastic and is used to attach the pitcher to the base of the blender. This blender blade fixture is also plastic. But it needs to be bored out with a drill through the middle forming an area for a long screw from the blade assembly. The production of the blades is from a slab of metal where slices of equivalent sizes are taken in order to produce mass amounts of blades at one time. The blender blade setup uses two identical blades 90 degrees to each other that sit on top of one another that are kept in place with simple washers and a long screw. The second major component is the motor which is inside the base and directly under the pitcher. The motor is produce from a specialized motor company. The problem of heat transfer must be examined. The heat produced from the motor will not melt the parts nearby. The motor is made to fit under the base and is sufficiently mounted. The mounting clips are under the blender base and are made to withstand the movement associated with the vibrations from the motor. The mounting clips are extensions on the base allowing for more strength. However, many parts of the motor attachment are attached by gluing which may result in problems with reusing or taking apart the glued components during the assembly process. The third main component is the base. It is made of plastic and is mass produced most likely by injection molding. The base is made durable enough to withstand added liquid in the pitcher as well as a running motor. The last component is the operator control that allows the user to choose different blending speeds. 3. Designs for Assembly: The blender actually consisted of over 50 components. Although we only mentioned the 4 main parts of the blender assembly, the actual manufacturing process was actually very difficult and time consuming due to the mass amount of components and attachments. The future design for the blender would most definitely need to reduce the amount of components to speed up the rate of the manufacturing process. 3. 4 Design for dis- assembly: This report will explain all component of a blinder. So readers can get the information in micro level of the operation. Pitcher: Pitcher made from plastic and it holds liquid and it injection moulding. Cover: Cover top of the pitcher made from plastic and has two parts of moulding. Handle parts: This is for the user to hold pitcher and made from plastic. Pitcher Nozzle: It’s manufacturing process injection moulding and dispenses liquid from pitcher. It is made from plastic. Plunger stick: It is converts force of nozzle into plunger and made from plastic. Plunger Rubber: The function of this part opens up passage for liquid flow and made from rubber. Round Knob: The function of this part directs plunger stick and made from plastic. Plunger washer: The manufacturing process of this part is stamped and function is distributes load over spring. This is made from aluminium. Spring: Spring loads the nozzle lever and made from steel. The manufacturing process is coiled. Nozzle Lever: This pat use for dispense liquid and made from plastic. Blade Subassembly: Upper blade: The main function of this part is cuts food and ice and made from steel. The manufacturing process is milling stamping bending. Lower blade: This part has similar function like upper part. It has same weight as well. Blade shift: The function of this part is transmit rotation of blade turner to blades and made from steel. Washer: The function of this part is distributes load evenly on blade and made from hard fiver. The manufacturing process is stamping. 3Flange Nut: It is attached blade holder to shift and made from steel. Blade Holder: The main function connects blade to pitcher and made from plastic. Bearing: This part made from brass and main function is allows blade to rotate in respect to holder. Blade holder O-ring: It main function is reduces liquid drip page and made from rubber and manufacturing process is injection moulding. Yellow clip ring: This part attaches pitcher to motor cover and made from plastic. White black ring on blade holder: It has similar function of blade holder o-ring. Blade turner: The main function is transmits rotation of motor shaft to blade shaft and made from steel or plastic. Motor sub- assembly: There are few parts e. g. damper, damper/blade washer, motor/damper washer, motor/damper bias, motor cover screw washer and another three main components e. g. Motor fan: The main function of this part is to reduces temperature of motor and maid from plastic. Upper and lower motor bracket: This part made from either plastic or aluminium or copper. The function is holding the motor in place. Motor Assembly: The function is the magnetic field run generates an magnetic field on the motor. This part made from plastic. User interface subassembly: Base and motor cover: Both are made from plastic. One function covers the top of the motor and another cover the bottom of the motor. The other parts of the components are motor cover screws, base screws, button, spring, bottom bracket, signal transmitter. 3. 5 Design for sustainability: Sustainable design is also called ‘Green design, ‘eco design’. It is art of designing physical objectives, the build environment comply with the economic, social and ecological sustainability. Most of the parts of blander are non-toxic and almost all components are recyclable and required little energy to process. The product has powerful 450 W motor which required 120V which require less energy. This is more household and restaurant useable product so it lasting longer. The most of the materials can be use in commercial new production afterlife. The processing of e-waste is causes serious health and pollution problems. The technology change, low initial costs have the fasted growing problem around the world. In the 1990 some of the European countries banned the disposal the electronic waste in lands fields. All unwanted electronic goods can return to sales points with free of charge. This is the producer responsibility for dispose. The EU implemented a system in 2003, under the waste Electrical and electronic Equipment Directive (WEEE 2002/96/EC). The directives transform in national low. The producer should collect their goods from customer and dispose it ecologically friendly manner. 4. 0 Conclusion: Re-design of the blinder is more cost effective and can be produce by economic of scale. It needs to satisfy the consumer demand and needs to face competition in the market. It had been redesign cost effectively and use environmentally friendly. The all components can be reusable for produce of the other new product. The production organisation has more CSR in terms of disposal. As finished goods it needs to face different stages of life. It can be redesign with the time goes and market mechanism change. There are more R&D required for this product in terms of assembly and noise pollution. References: Galloway L and Rowbotham F & Azhashemi M (2000) Operations Management in Context. 1st edi. Oxford, BH. Weihrich H & Koontz H (2005) Management. 11th edi. London, Mc Graw hill. Boone L & Kurtz D (1990) Contemporary Business. 6th edi. London. The Dryden Press. Lecture notes http: //direct. asda. com/on/demandware. store/sites-ASDA-site http:// inventors. about. com/library/inventors/blblender. htm. Appendix :1 Design Flow chat